BRAIN CANCER INFORMATION

Brain cancer happens when cells in the brain grow in an abnormal and uncontrolled way, forming a mass called a tumour. Unlike many other cancers, brain tumours can cause problems even when they are small, because the brain is a tightly packed and highly sensitive organ. Tumours can press on surrounding brain tissue, block the flow of fluid, or disrupt normal communication between different parts of the brain.

Brain tumours are diagnosed using a combination of scans, medical assessments, and sometimes analysis of a tissue sample. Together, these results build a detailed picture of the tumour’s type, grade, and impact on the brain, guiding treatment planning. A full diagnosis can take time because symptoms often resemble other conditions, and some tests take time to process.

Regardless of the treatment approach, people who have been diagnosed with a brain tumour will typically have regular follow-up appointments to check on recovery and monitor for any signs that the tumour has returned or changed. These visits are also a chance to discuss symptoms, side effects, and emotional wellbeing.

Brain cancer kills more Australians under 40 years of age than any other cancer and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children and young adults, causing among the highest years of life lost per diagnosis. By 2050, more than 23,000 Australians are expected to be living with brain cancer, with approximately 2,650 deaths annually.